Decision Making Statements in C

 Decision Making Statements in C

Decision-making statements in C language are the same as in other programming languages such as C++, Java, etc. Decision-making is needed when you want a set of instructions to be executed in a condition and other sets of instructions in another condition.

The following are the decision-making statements in C,

if  statement

If the condition is true, the statement gets executed. If the condition is false, it does nothing.

Syntax

The following is the syntax for the if statement in C language,

if(condition true) statement gets executed;

The following syntax is for multiple statements,

if(condition true) { multiple statement gets executed; multiple statement gets executed; }

The following is an example showing the usage of the if statement in C language.

#include <stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int i = 10; if(i>5) printf(“The value is more than 5”); getch(); }

The following is the output, wherein the if statement executes since the value of i is more than 5:

if-else statement

If the condition is true, then a set of statements is executed. If the condition is false, another set of statements gets executed.

Syntax

The following is the syntax for the if-else statements in C language,

if(condition true) statement gets executed; else another statement gets executed;

The following is an example showing the usage of the if-else statement in C language, 

#include <stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int i = 2; if(i>5) printf(“The value is more than 5”); else printf(“The value is less than 5”); getch(); }

Here’s the output,

You can also work on nested if-else. Let us see how we can do it for the preceding example,

#include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() { int i = 5; if(i>=5) { if(i==5) { printf("The value is equal to 5"); } else { printf("The value is more than 5"); } } else { printf("The value is less than 5"); } getch(); }

The following is the output, showing what value gets displayed while using nested if-else,

else-if statement

The else-if statement is useful when if-statement has more than one condition.

Syntax

The following is the syntax for the else-if statements in C languages,

if(condition true) statement gets executed; else if() statement gets executed; else another statement gets executed;

The following is an example showing the usage of else-if statement in C languages:

#include <stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int i = 20; if(i>100) printf(“The value is more than 100”); else if(i>75) printf(“The value is more than 75”); else if(i>50) printf(“The value is more than 20”); else printf(“The value is less than 50”); getch(); }

The following is the output, displaying the result for values less than 50,

Switch Statement

Use the switch statement, if you want to take a decision from more than one choice. For example, grades A, B, C, D, E, etc based on the marks of students.

The following is an example showing the usage of the switch statement in C language,

#include <stdio.h> void main () { int marks = 75 ; switch(marks) { case 90: printf("Grade A"); break; case 75: printf("Grade B"); break; case 60: printf("Grade C"); break; } getch(); }

The following is the output, displaying the result for 75 marks,

In this lesson, we learned how to work with Decision Making Statements in C Programming. We saw how to implement if, if-else, else-if, and switch statements in C.

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